当代中国科普电视节目与科普短视频之叙事差异分析

An Analysis of Narrative Differences Between Popular Science TV Programs and Short Popular Science Videos

科普类电视节目与科普类短视频作为当下大众媒介中重要的两种科普文本具有相同的社会价值与人文追求,同时也具有各自相对独特的叙事特点。从叙事话语看,基于文化与技术的差别,二者表现出官方与草根、线性与点状、教化与实用的差异。从叙事结构看,电视科普节目作为传统的科普文本,历经了从“说教式”“故事化”到“真人秀”等叙事模式的转变。而科普短视频则更强调叙事的空间性,偏向于散点式叙事结构。在叙事视角上,科普短视频相较科普电视节目更趋向平民化与多元化,具体体现在讲述者的平民化以及创作视角的平民化、多元化上。虽然科普电视节目与科普短视频具有各自的叙事学特征,也各自覆盖不同的受众群体,但在媒介融合的背景下,两者更不断结合,出现科普电视节目进军短视频领域,短视频创作思路改变电视节目的发展趋势。

Popular science TV programs and short popular science videos,as two important popular science texts in the mass media today,have the same social value and humanistic pursuit.At the same time,they also have their own relatively unique narrative characteristics.From the perspective of narrative discourse,based on the differences between culture and technology,they show the differences between official and grassroots,linear and dotted,edification and practical,enlightenment and practical.From the perspective of narrative structure,as a traditional popular science text,TV popular science programs have gone through the transformation of the narrative mode from“didactic approach”“story-telling”to“reality show”.However,short popular science videos emphasize the spatial nature of narration,and tend to be scattered narrative structure.In the narrative perspective,compared with popular science TV programs,short popular science videos tend to be more populous and diversified,which is embodied in the popularization of narrators and the popularization and diversification of creative perspective.Although popular science TV programs and short popular science videos have their own narrative characteristics and cover different audience groups,however,under the background of media convergence,the two have been combined more and more,and popular science TV programs have entered the field of short videos,and short videos creation ideas have changed the development trend of TV programs.