《踏摇娘》本事时间之辨

An Analysis of the Original Time of Ta Yao Niang

从唐代开始,人们对《踏摇娘》的诸多具体问题已经开始探讨并辨析。仅本事时间言,刘饣束《隋唐嘉话》、崔令钦《教坊记》、杜佑《通典》已有"北齐""隋末"之异,其后又与《苏中郞》混同,延出"后周"之说。后学继其分歧,各有接受与认同,致使《踏摇娘》的起源问题终未能统一观点,为后世辑录、定位留下不解之谜。文本载记除受限于客观条件,还往往与书写载记者的个体视角与叙写心态等的微妙变化密切相关。详检早期文本,对《踏摇娘》本事时间载记不同,但又有彼此暗合照应的痕迹。辨析前贤所记的主观成因及彼此关联,可为进一步探究《踏摇娘》表演形式提供更新线索。

People have begun to explore and analyze many specific issues of"Ta Yao Niang"since the Tang Dynasty.As far as the original time is concerned,the records in Liu Su’s"Sui Tang Jiahua",Cui Lingqin’s"Jiao Fang Ji",Du You’s"Tong Dian"already had differences between the Northern Qi Dynasty and the end of Sui Dynasty,and later they were confused with"Su Zhong Lang",hinting that the event occurred in the Later Zhou Dynasty.Afterwards,scholars retained their differences,each with their own acceptance and approval resulted in the failure to a unified view on the original time of"Tao Yao Niang",leaving an inexplicable mystery for later generations to compile and locate.In addition to being restricted by objective conditions,text recording is often closely related to the subtle changes of reporters’personal perspective and narrative mentality.A detailed examination of the early texts reveals that"Ta Yao Niang"has different time records,but there are still traces corresponding to each other.The analysis of the subjective causes of discrepancies in records of previous scholars and their correlations can provide new clues for further exploring the performance form of"TA Yao Niang".