妊娠期糖尿病孕妇早产与足月分娩的临床特征及早产危险因素分析

目的分析与探讨妊娠期糖尿病孕妇早产与足月分娩临床特征差别及早产的危险因素,为预防妊娠期糖尿病早产发生和改善其临床结局提供资料。方法选取2018年10月至2019年10月本院住院分娩的130例妊娠期糖尿病孕妇,其中早产孕妇50例作为观察组,足月分娩孕妇80例作为对照组,对比二组体质量指数、收缩压、空腹血糖及妊娠期并发症发生情况。结果在临床特征方面,观察组体质量指数、收缩压及空腹血糖明显高于对照组(P<0.05);在妊娠期并发症方面,观察组妊娠并发症(胎膜早破、子痫前期、前置胎盘、胎儿窘迫)发生率明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论妊娠期糖尿病早产与足月分娩孕妇在临床特征上存在一定差异。体质量指数增加、血压升高、血糖控制欠佳及胎膜早破、子痫前期、前置胎盘、胎儿窘迫妊娠并发症为妊娠期糖尿病孕妇发生早产的危险因素。

Objective To analyze and discuss the diferences in clinical characteristics and risk factors of preterm and fllterm labor in pregnant women with gestational diabetes.Methods A total of 130 pregnant women with gestational diabetes who delivered in our hospital from October 2018 to October 2019 were selected.Among them,50 were pregnant women who were born prematurely as the study group,and 80 were pregnant women who were born at term as the control group.The body mass index,systolic blood pressure,fasting blood glucose and complications during pregnancy were compared between the two groups.Results In terms of clinical characteristics,body mass index,systolic blood pressure,and fasting blood glucose were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05)。In terms of complications during pregnancy,pregnancy complications(premature rupture of membranes,preeclampsia,pre-eclampsia.The incidence of placenta and fetal distress was significantly higher than that of the control group.Conclusion There are some differences in clinical characteristics between gestational diabetes preterm delivery and term delivery pregnant women.In this study,increased body mass index,elevated blood pressure,poor glycemic control,and complications of pregnancy are risk factors for preterm birth in pregnant women with gestational diabetes.