欧洲高等教育区学生国际流动战略的演变与趋势

The Evolution and Trends of the Student Mobility Strategy of the European Higher Education Area

随着博洛尼亚进程的发展,欧洲高校促进学生国际流动的战略从自发走向制度约束,从零散走向整体推进,越来越重视量化指标设计。而欧洲高等教育区学生的国际流动并不均衡,学生留学重点流向区域内国家,尤其是老牌教育强国;多数国家是净出口国,也更加重视输出性流动。欧洲高等教育区学生的国际流动,距离到2020年实现20%的目标依然相去甚远,主要障碍是缺乏资金、语言问题、信息和相关服务支持不足等问题。

With the development of the Bologna Process,the Mobility Strategy of the European Higher Education Area(EHEA)changed from spontaneous to institutional constraints,from scattered to overall advancement,and more and more attention has been paid to the design of quantitative indicators.However,the student mobility of EHEA is not balanced.Most students flow to the countries of EHEA,especially to the old educational powers.Most countries are net exporters and pay more attention to export flows.The student mobility in EHEA is still far from achieving the goal of 20%by 2020.The main obstacles are the lack of funds,information,related services and supports,as well as language problem.