基于多目标优化的公交运行速度优化控制方法

A Speed Control Method for Transit Operation Based on Multi-objective Optimization

为了在保证城市公交运行准时性的基础上提高燃油经济性,研究了基于多目标优化的公交运行区间速度控制方法。基于公交车辆运行与信号灯交叉口和公交站点之间的动态时空关系,建立了公交到站准时性区域判断模型;采用基于车辆比功率的油耗模型,建立了公交燃油经济性优化模型;利用分层序列法,设计了基于多目标优化的区间速度优化控制方法。在基于Matlab软件搭建的公交运行仿真平台开展了仿真实验,结果表明,所提出的方法在多种参数组合下不同控制场景中均可给出可靠速度建议;在所有场景中均降低了时间偏差,最大降低值为26 s,提升了公交线路服务可靠性;所提出方法平均降低燃油消耗7.32 mL,在一定程度上节约了公交运营成本,进一步证明了所提出方法的有效性和适用性。

In order to improve fuel economy on the basis of transit punctuality,a speed control method for real-time transit operation based on multi-objective optimization is proposed.Based on dynamic spatio-temporal relationships among bus operation,signalized intersections,and bus stops,a model of transit punctuality is established to determine whether a transit bus is on time;a model of fuel consumption based on vehicle specific power is used to solve optimization problem for transit fuel economy;and a method for speed optimization control based on multi-objective optimization is developed by using stratified sequencing method.Simulation tests are carried out on a transit operation simulation platform based on the Matlab software.The simulation results show that the proposed method can provide reliable speed suggestions in different control scenarios with various parameter combinations.The time deviations are reduced in all scenarios and the maximum reduction is26 s,which improves the transit service reliability.The average fuel consumption is reduced by7.32 mL under the proposed method,which saves the transit operational cost and further proves the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed method.