腔镜手术治疗良性乳腺疾病技术要点

Key points endoscopic surgery for benign breast diseases

乳腺良性疾病的发病率很高。许多良性疾病与恶性疾病相关,或对病人产生疼痛、影响美观等负面影响。因此,许多良性乳腺疾病需要手术治疗。传统手术可能留下永久性的裸露瘢痕、乳头乳晕功能障碍和泌乳障碍,而腔镜乳腺手术在治疗乳腺良性疾病方面有其自身的优势,可以减少或避免上述问题。目前,绝大多数良性乳腺疾病的手术均可在腔镜下完成,例如:多发乳腺纤维腺瘤切除术、巨大乳腺纤维腺瘤切除术、纤维上皮性肿瘤扩大切除术、乳腺炎病灶扩大切除术、乳房体积整复、男性乳腺全切除术、奥美定取出术等。乳腺腔镜手术的准备不同于其他内镜手术,其在技术上也有其独特的操作要点。此外,还应注意准确定位肿物和切缘,减少感染,及时处理术中意外出血和术后血清肿、脓肿,切除乳房肿物而不造成乳房局部凹陷等方面的问题。

The incidence rate of benign breast diseases is very high.Many benign diseases are associated with malignant diseases or have negative effects on patients such as pain and aesthetics.Therefore,many benign breast diseases need surgical treatment.Traditional surgery may leave permanent exposed scar,nipple areola dysfunction and lactation disorder.Endoscopic breast surgery has its own advantages in the treatment of benign breast diseases,which can reduce or avoid the above problems.At present,the vast majority of benign breast disease surgery can be completed under the endoscope,such as:multiple breast fibroadenoma resection,giant breast fibroadenoma resection,fibroepithelial tumor extended resection,mastitis lesion extended resection,breast volume reduction,male total mastectomy,Amazingel removal,etc.The preparation of breast endoscopic surgery is different from other endoscopic surgery,and it also has its unique operation points in technology.In addition,attention should be paid to accurately locate the tumor and cutting edge,reduce infection,timely deal with intraoperative accidental bleeding and postoperative seroma and abscess,and remove breast tumor without causing local breast depression.