传统学术话语的语用逻辑--《文心雕龙》与《孟子》顶真语符的“三艺”分析

The Pragmatic Logic of Traditional Acadamic Discourse:The Trivium Analyze on the Anadiplosis in Wen Xin Diao Long and Meng Zi

虽然文体语体不同,汉语传统学术话语的范本《文心雕龙》和《孟子》都很重视语用逻辑实践,都有得体、严密、形式多样的顶真语符。顶真语符需从语法、修辞、逻辑等“三艺”综观,方可更好地挖掘其价值。就衔接点的能指形式而言,《文心雕龙》顶真语符有词和短语两种情形。以词为衔接点,均为单音节形式。另因均为实词,故衔接点一般都可表达概念。《文心雕龙》中以短语为衔接点的顶真在句法选择性上较弱,在语法结构上少见动宾结构、动补结构,究其原因可能是“顶真”在机制.上的衔接功能在某种意义上替代了动宾、动补这两种多少带有“可及性”结构的成分黏连功用。此外,作为补充,对于某些较为刚性的“可及性”成分,则可采用回环式顶真。就语篇分布而言,《文心雕龙》中的顶真可见于篇首,就其功用而言,可用于术语解释。

Wen Xin Diao Long need to be examinated comprehensively from the points of grammar, rhetoric and logic,so as to make their values seen better. As far as the distribution of discourse is concerned, the anadiplosis can be seen in the first, in terms of its function, it can be used in terms of terminology interpretation as well as form of connecting point. There are two kinds of words and phrases. With words as connecting point, they are monosyllabic forms. The anadiplosis in the Wen Xin Diao Long which the semantic relationship between the front and rear links is relatively simple, but the cohesion points are relatively complex, including nouns, verbs, adjectives and so on, and the discourse markers are more complex before and after the connecting points. Although the stylistic system is different, both Wen Xin Diao Long and Mengzi attach great importance to pragmatic logic practice.