装配式箱涵结构缩尺模型静载试验及有限元分析

Static test and finite element analysis of scale model of fabricated box culvert

为了给装配式涵洞的优化设计提供基础数据和技术支撑,以实体工程为依托,借助室内试验与有限元分析,对整体式、平缝式、圆铰式和榫接式4类涵洞结构的力学性能进行了对比分析。首先,依据相似理论制作了4类涵洞结构的缩尺模型,对其在全加载过程中的静力响应进行了测试。其次,采用有限元方法对具有代表性的整体式和圆铰式箱涵结构的力学性能进行了数值仿真分析。最后,依据测试数据和数值仿真分析,对4类箱涵结构的力学性能进行了全方位的剖析与对比,给出了一些有益建议。研究结果表明:4类构件的失效模式均是上顶板底部混凝土受拉开裂后产生弯曲破坏,但铰缝的设置显著改变了箱涵结构的受力状态,侧墙受力状态的改变尤为明显;承载能力与开裂荷载的规律类似,均为整体式箱涵结构最大,圆铰式箱涵结构最小。

In order to provide basic data and technical support for the optimal design of prefabricated culvert,the mechanical properties of four types of culvert structures,namely,integral,flat-joint,circular hinge and tenon,are compared and analyzed by means of laboratory test and finite element analysis based on physical engineering. Firstly,the scale models of four kinds of culvert structures are constructed according to the similarity theory,and the static responses of these models in the full loading process are tested. Secondly,the mechanical properties of typical integral and circular hinged box cults are studied by finite element simulation. Finally,based on the test data and numerical simulation results,the mechanical properties of the four types of box culvert structures are analyzed and compared comprehensively,and some useful suggestions are given. The research results show that the failure modes of all four types of components are bending failure of the concrete at the bottom of the upper roof after cracking,but the setting of hinge joints significantly changes the stress state of the box culvert structure,especially the stress state of the side wall. The bearing capacity is similar to that of cracking load,that the integral box culvert structure has the maximal bearing capacity and circular hinged box culvert structure has the the minimal capacity.