信息联结主义——一种解释理解与知识差异的内在主义方案

Informational Associationism:an Internalist Explanation of the Distinction Between Knowledge and Understanding

近来知识论学者们对理解与知识的研究大部分都是在通过思想实验来比较二者。但是要探讨认知行为的性质,就需要对认知行为的对象,尤其是理解的对象进行更加深入的分析。通过以理解的对象为线索梳理这一争论后,一种联结主义的新假设被提出以解释理解与知识的区别,理解与知识的差别既不是体现在运气也不是体现在主体的美德上,而是理解与知道作为认知状态所对应的对象的不同上。

Recent researches on understanding and knowledge by epistemologists are mostly about comparing these two through thought experiments.But to explore the nature of cognitive behavior,a deeper analysis of the objects of cognitive behavior,especially of the objects of understanding,is needed.After thorough analysis focusing on the objects of understanding,a new associationist hypothesis is proposed to explain the distinction between understanding and knowledge.It is argued that the distinction between understanding and knowledge lies neither in cognitive luck nor in subjective virtues,but in the differences between the objects of understanding and knowledge as different cognitive states.