中国与中亚国家产能合作研究:基于产业竞争力的实证分析

On Capacity Cooperation between China and Central Asian Countries:An Empirical Analysis Based on Industrial Competitiveness

中国经济发展已取得很大成就,但与发达国家相比仍有较大差距,产能过剩成为阻碍中国经济发展的重要原因,与中亚国家进行产能合作不但能缓解中国产能过剩的情况而且能够促进中亚国家经济发展。文章基于中国与中亚国家10类产品的贸易数据,通过比较优势、竞争优势、潜在优势深入分析各个国家产业竞争优势并提出深入进行产能合作的建议。结果表明:中国在劳动密集型产品和机械及运输设备产品有竞争力;哈国矿物燃料等有关原料产品和非食用原料产品在国际上有竞争力;吉尔吉斯斯坦非食用原料产品竞争优势明显,同时矿物燃料等有关原料产品及原料制成品的竞争力逐步提升;中国与中亚国家贸易方式以产业间贸易为主,产业互补性强。

The paper analyzes the competitive advantages of various industries through comparative advantage and poten⁃tial advantage based on the trade data of 10 kinds of products between China and Central Asian countries and puts forward some suggestions for further capacity cooperation.The results show that China is competitive in labor-intensive products and machinery and transport equipment products;Kazakhstan is internationally competitive in feedstock products such as fossil fuels and non-edible feedstock products;Kyrgyzstan has a clear competitive advantage in non-edible raw material products while the competitiveness of related raw material products such as fossil fuels and manufactured products of raw materials has gradually improved;the trade mode between China and Central Asian countries is of mainly inter-industry type with strong industrial complementarity.