大科学研究系统方法论的逻辑结构

The Logical Structure Of Systematic Methodology In Large-scale Scientific Research

根据当代大科学研究的趋势性发展及其特征,凝练并提出复杂性科学实践在方法论上的普遍存在结构,旨在为科学哲学观与科学实践之间建立某种联结架构,它是由系统思维、系统方法形成机制、特定方法集合应用等三层次结构组成的系统方法论的结构形式;这一普遍结构既是知识的、也是逻辑的,其结构层次之间存在紧密的内在关联和传导关系,不可混乱和颠倒;通过引入中国和美国在ICF研究领域为破解系统性科学与工程问题所采纳的组合方法案例比较分析,佐证并支持上述理论结构的归纳。

According to the trend development and characteristics of contemporary large-scale scientific research,this paper summarizes and puts forward the universal structure of complexity scientific practice in methodology,aiming to establish a certain connection structure between philosophy of science and practice of science.It is a structural formation of systematic methodology with three levels of structure,including systematic thinking,systematic method formation mechanism and specific method set application.This universal structure is not only knowledgical,but also logical.There are close internal relations and transmission relations between its structural levels,which cannot be confused or reversed.By introducing China and the United States in the field of ICF research,this paper makes a comparative analysis of the combined methods adopted by China and the United States in order to seek solutions to systematic scientific and engineering problems,further corroborates and supports the induction of the above theoretical structure.