维生素D在新生儿脑损伤中的意义及作用

Significance and Role of Vitamin D in Neonatal Brain Injury

维生素D是一种在人体内有多种影响及功能的激素,其经典作用是参与钙磷代谢,影响骨骼发育。另外,维生素D在神经系统发育和功能修复方面亦有重要作用,尤其在新生儿围生期大脑发育及损伤修复方面效果显著。围生期脑损伤的主要因素是缺氧和感染,两者均可刺激机体释放炎症介质,脑损伤性炎症介质与保护性炎症介质失衡可导致脑损伤的发生。维生素D通过与大脑中的维生素D受体结合,介导大脑炎症反应,下调炎症因子表达,调节钙及炎症反应,减轻脑损伤程度。维生素D缺乏可能增加脑损伤风险,而补充维生素D则可能改善脑损伤的结局。

Vitamin D is a hormone that has a variety of effects and functions in the human body.Its classic role is to participate in calcium and phosphorus metabolism affecting bone development.In addition,vitamin D also plays an important role in the development and functional repair of the nervous system,especially in the neonatal perinatal brain development and damage repair.The main factors of brain injury in perinatal period are hypoxia and infection,both of which can stimulate the release of inflammatory media,and the imbalance between brain-damaged inflammatory mediators and protective inflammatory mediators can lead to brain injury.By binding to vitamin D receptors in the brain,vitamin D mediates inflammation in the brain,down-regulates the expression of inflammatory factors,regulates calcium and inflammation,and reduces the degree of brain damage.Vitamin D deficiency may increase the risk of brain damage,and vitamin D supplementation may improve the outcome of brain damage.