水稻种子低温萌发的研究进展

Low-Temperature Germination of Rice Seeds:Research Progress

水稻种子低温萌发力差,限制了直播稻的发展。为了促进水稻耐低温育种的研究,培育低温萌发能力强适宜直播的水稻新品种,本文概述了水稻种子低温萌发能力的评价方法;总结了水稻种子低温萌发时细胞膜性质、活性氧代谢、能量供给和激素含量等相关生理代谢的变化;概括了水稻种子低温萌发时依赖ABA信号转导和不依赖ABA信号转导的分子调控机制;综述了水稻低温萌发相关QTL定位和全基因组关联分析的遗传研究。在此基础上,综合分析了当前水稻耐低温萌发研究中存在的问题并提出了相关建议,旨在为水稻耐低温萌发的研究及新品种培育提供参考。

The poor germination of rice varieties at low temperature limits the development of direct seeding rice.In order to promote the development of low-temperature resistant rice breeding and cultivate new rice varieties with low-temperature germination ability suitable for direct seeding,this paper outlined the evaluation methods of low-temperature germination ability of rice seeds and summarized the changes of cell membrane properties,reactive oxygen metabolism,energy supply,hormone content and other related physiological metabolism of low-temperature germination in rice.The molecular regulation mechanism of rice seed germination at low temperature was also generalized,including ABA-dependent signal transduction and ABA-independent signal transduction,at the same time,the genetic studies of QTL mapping and genomewide association analysis(GWAS)related to low-temperature germination in rice were reviewed.On this basis,the existing problems in current research on low-temperature germination of rice were analyzed and suggestions were proposed,aiming to provide a reference for the research on rice low-temperature germination and the cultivation of new varieties.