彭州市基层医务人员焦虑抑郁情绪及影响因素研究

Status and Influencing Factors of Anxiety and Depression of Primary Medical Staff in Penzhou City

目的了解彭州市基层医务人员焦虑抑郁情绪状况及其影响因素。方法采用分层随机整群抽样的方法,抽取彭州市5家基层医院为调查点,调查点内全部医务人员作为调查对象。2018-07用自编一般情况调查问卷、焦虑自评量表(SAS)及抑郁自评量表(SDS),对调查对象进行测评。比较分析不同人群焦虑抑郁情绪检出率,率/构成比的比较用卡方检验,通过Logistic回归分析法分析焦虑抑郁情绪的有关影响因素。结果共计抽取166名基层医务人员,焦虑、抑郁情绪检出率分别为24.68%、48.70%。二分类Logistic回归分析结果提示,焦虑的危险因素有健康状况不良、有慢性病、双休日继续工作、遭遇患者或者家属的辱骂或责备。抑郁的危险因素有健康状况不良、有慢性病、劳动时间越长、遭遇患者或者家属的辱骂或责备,保护因素有经济收入越高、休息时间越长、家人朋友越支持工作。结论彭州市基层医务人员的焦虑抑郁情绪较严重,身体健康状况和遭遇患者或者家属的辱骂或责备是造成彭州市基层医务人员焦虑抑郁情绪的重要因素,应有针对性地进行心理干预,预防焦虑抑郁情绪的发生。

Objective To study the status and influencing factors of anxiety and depression of primary medical staff in Penzhou City.Methods Five primary hospitals were randomly selected by using a stratified random cluster sampling method in Pengzhou City.In July 2018,the self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate basic information,depression and anxiety of primary medical staff in the selected primary hospitals.Self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and self-rating depression scale(SDS)were adopted to measure anxiety and depression,respectively.Chi-square tests were used to compare the reported rates of anxiety and depression among different groups,and logistic regression models were performed to explore the influencing factors of anxiety and depression.Results Totally,166 medical workers were surveyed in this study.The reported rates of anxiety and depression were 24.68%and 48.70%,respectively.Poor physical health status,chronic diseases,continuing work on weekends,and abuse or blame from patients or family members were risk factors of anxiety.Poor physical health status,chronic diseases,longer working hours,abuse or blame from patients or family members were risk factors of depression,whereas higher economic incomes,longer rest periods,and support from family and friends were protective factors of depression.Conclusion The status of anxiety and depression of primary medical staff in Penzhou was serious.Abuse or blame from patients or family members and poor physical health status were main influencing factors of the anxiety or depression.Targeted psychological intervention should be carried out to prevent the occurrence of anxiety and depression.