109份西瓜育种材料果实性状的遗传多样性分析

Genetic diversity analysis of fruit characters of 109 watermelon breeding materials

为研究西瓜育种材料间果实性状的遗传多样性,对109份西瓜育种材料的12个果实相关性状指标进行变异分析、主成分分析及聚类分析。变异分析结果表明,12个果实性状的多样性指数变化范围为0.75~2.04,变异系数变化范围为11.73%~60.79%;主成分分析结果表明,6个果实数量性状可归纳为3个主成分,累计贡献率达83.97%,其中,中心可溶性固形物含量对表型影响较大;聚类分析结果表明,当欧式距离为47.8时,可以将供试西瓜育种材料按照果形和单瓜质量的差异分为4类。上述研究结果表明,西瓜育种材料的果实性状具有较丰富的多样性表现,这将为西瓜杂交育种提供重要的参考依据。

In order to study the genetic diversity of fruit traits of watermelon breeding materials,the variation analysis,principal component analysis and clustering analysis of 12 fruit related traits were investigated for 109 watermelon breeding materials.The results of variance analysis showed that the diversity index of 12 fruit related traits ranged from 0.75 to 2.04,the coefficient of variation changed from 11.73%to 60.79%.Principal component analysis suggested that 6 fruit related traits were summarized into three principal components,and the cumulative contribution rate was 83.97%,the central soluble solids content has great influence on phenotype.In addition,the 109 watermelon breeding materials were divided into four groups according to the difference of fruit shape and single fruit weight in Euclidean distance 47.8.The results indicate that the fruit related traits in watermelon germplasms have rich diversity,which will lay a basis for watermelon genetic improvement and cross breeding parental selection.