基于结构方程模型的我国公共体育服务绩效评价实证研究

Empirical Study on Performance Evaluation of Public Sports Service Based on Structural Equation Model in China

为增强公共体育服务绩效评价的科学性、客观性和有效性,遵循绩效评价"3E"[经济性(economy)、效率性(efficiency)、效益性(effectiveness)]准则,运用结构方程模型构建包含3个维度(投入、产出、效果)和12个指标(财政拨款、体育彩票公益金、管理机构、管理人员、公共体育服务指导人员、国民体质监测站点、体育场地面积、晨/晚练活动点、体育组织、每天晨/晚练活动点参加锻炼人数、年度体育组织活动次数、年度体育组织培训人数)的公共体育服务绩效评价指标体系,进而对31个省(自治区、直辖市)的公共体育服务绩效进行实证研究。结果显示:①我国公共体育服务绩效指数普遍较低,各地区公共体育服务绩效差异较大,并有扩大的趋势;②2009—2015年,我国有28个省(自治区、直辖市)的公共体育服务绩效指数均出现不同程度的改善,其中有11个省(自治区、直辖市)公共体育服务绩效改善速度超过当地经济发展速度,17个省(自治区、直辖市)公共体育服务绩效改善速度低于经济发展速度;③公共体育服务绩效评价指标中的投入、产出、效果等3个维度指标对公共体育服务绩效均有重要影响;④地区经济发展水平、人口密度、体育经费投入与公共体育服务绩效呈正相关,受教育程度与公共体育服务绩效呈负相关。

To make public sports service performance evaluation more scientific,objective and effective,the"3 E"criterion(economy,efficiency and effectiveness)of performance evaluation are followed and structural equation model is used to construct the index system of performance evaluation of public sports services,including the 3 dimensions of input,output and effect,as well as 12 indicators,that is,financial allocation,sports lottery public welfare fund,management organization,managers,public sports service instructors,national physique monitoring sites,stadium area,morning and evening exercise spots and sports groups,sports organizations,the number of taking morning and evening exercises,and the annual number of sports activities and training.The performance of public sports services in 31 provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities is analyzed empirically.The results show that:①The performance index of public sports service in China is generally low,with a big difference of performance in different regions and an expanding trend.②From 2009 to 2015,the performance indexes of public sports services in 28 provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government has been improved in varying degree,11 of them faster and 17 of them slower than the local economic development speed.③The 3 dimensions of input,output and effect in the performance evaluation index all have important influences on the performance of public sports service.④The level of regional economic development,population,the input of funds are positively correlated with the performance of public sports services,but a negative correlation is found between the education level and public sports services.