国外上游垄断、贸易政策与本土企业加成率

Foreign Upstream Monopoly,Trade Policy and Local Firm's Markup Ratio

考察国外上游垄断的经济效应对全面理解企业嵌入全球价值链的利弊具有重要意义。基于企业纵向关系论证国外上游垄断对企业加成率的影响及其作用机制,并进一步揭示贸易政策应对国外上游垄断问题的效果。研究结果表明:国外上游垄断与企业加成率呈倒“U”型的非线性关系,即国外上游垄断对企业加成率具有“先促进,后抑制”的作用;国外上游垄断通过“生产成本”效应直接作用于企业加成率;创新在国外上游垄断与企业加成率之间发挥中介作用,即国外上游垄断通过影响企业创新行为对其成本加成产生间接作用;不同性质贸易政策对国外上游垄断的加成率效应存在明显的异质性调节作用,关税措施对国外上游垄断效应产生弱化作用,而非关税措施具有强化作用。

To investigate the economic effects of foreign upstream monopoly is of great significance for an overall understanding of the pros and cons of enterprises embedding in global value chains. Based on the longitudinal relationship of enterprises, this paper expounds and verifies the impact of foreign upstream monopoly on enterprises’ markup ratio and its action mechanism, then it further reveals the effects of trade policies in addressing the problems of foreign upstream monopoly.The results suggest that foreign upstream monopoly and firm’s markup ratio present an" inverted U-shaped"nonlinear relationship, that is, foreign upstream monopoly has the"first promoting then inhibiting"effect on the firm’s markup ratio. Foreign upstream monopoly directly affects the corporate markup ratio through the"production cost"effect. Innovation plays an intermediary role between the foreign upstream monopoly and the corporate markup ratio, that is, through affecting enterprises’ innovative behavior, the foreign upstream monopoly exerts an indirect effect on their cost plus. Trade policies of different natures have obvious heterogeneous adjustment effects on the markup ratio of the foreign upstream monopoly. Tariff measures have a weakening effect on foreign upstream monopoly effects, while non-tariffs measures have a strengthening effect.