寄主中萜类挥发物质对梨小食心虫的引诱作用

Attracting effects of volatile terpenoids from the host on Oriental fruit moth

[目的]本文旨在明确寄主中不同萜类挥发性物质对梨小食心虫的引诱活性,发掘梨小新的生物防治手段。[方法]采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪对桃梢挥发物进行分析鉴定,并通过田间试验研究桃梢挥发物中的萜类化合物对梨小的引诱作用及其对性信息素的增效作用。[结果]在桃梢挥发物中5种萜类化合物被检测到,含量最高组分为Z-β-罗勒烯,α-法呢烯次之。田间诱蛾试验结果表明,包含1 mg Z-β-罗勒烯的诱捕器平均诱蛾量为65.86头·天-1,显著高于包含0.1 mg、10 mg和100 mg Z-β-罗勒烯诱捕器,可达到性诱剂诱蛾量的75.2%;4种剂量中,100 mgα-法呢烯的平均诱蛾量最高,为7.41头·天-1;10 mgα-蒎烯的平均诱蛾量为18.28头·天-1,高于其他3种剂量的α-蒎烯。3种萜类化合物均未引诱到梨小雌蛾,说明对梨小雌蛾物无引诱活性。增效试验结果表明,与单独使用梨小性诱剂相比,添加1 mg Z-β-罗勒烯的梨小性诱剂平均蛾量增效显著,可达253.65头·天-1,增效155%;添加1 mgα-法呢烯的梨小性诱剂诱蛾量为268.54头·天-1,增效164%;4种剂量的α-蒎烯对梨小性诱剂无增效作用。[结论]寄主中的萜类化合物对梨小雄蛾有较好的引诱作用,并对梨小性信息素具有增效作用,可为开发新型梨小的引诱剂及防治提供理论基础。

[Objective]Present study was conducted to clarify attracting activity of different terpenoids volatiles produced by host plants to oriental fruit moth(OFM),and to provide a new theoretical basis for biological control of OFM.[Methods]The volatiles collected from peach shoots were analyzed with GC-MS,and field trials were carried out to study the effects of terpenoids collected from peach shoots to oriental fruit moth[Results]Five terpenoids were detected in the volatiles in peach shoots,with the highest content being Z-β-ocimene,followed byα-Farnesene.The results of field experiments showed that the average number of male OFM caught by 1 mg of Z-β-ocimene was 65.86 moth/day,which was equivalent to 75.2%of the average number caught by pheromone lure and it was significantly higher than that of Z-β-ocimene at other concentrations.Among four doses,100 mgα-Farnesene had the highest average attracting number of 7.41 moth/day;the average attracting number of 10 mgα-pinene was 18.28 moth/day,higher than that of other three doses.The three terponoids didn’t attract any female moth,indicating that the three terpenoids had no attracting activity to female moth.The synergistic tests showed that a mixture of the sex pheromone and 1 mg of Z-β-ocimene had a significant increase in capturing average number of 253.65 moths per day,equivalent to a synergistic effect of 155%.When the sex pheromone was mixed with 1 mg ofα-Farnesene,the average number of captured male OFM per day reached up to 268.54 per day,increasing the attracting efficiency by 164%.However,no synergistic effect was detected withα-pinene.[Conclusion]The terpenoids in peach shoots showed good attractive effect to OFM and demonstrated synergistic effects by mixing with sex pheromone of OFM.This study could provide theoretical foundation for exploiting new lure for OFM and biological control of OFM.