郑州高职院校学生体力活动与睡眠和心理健康状况的关联

Associations of physical activity,sleep and mental health among vocational college students in Zhengzhou

目的了解郑州高职院校学生体力活动状况及其与睡眠和心理健康的关联,为高职院校大学生身心健康发展和干预提供支持。方法采用分层随机整群抽样法,在郑州市4所高职院校的大一和大二年级中抽取6 224名大学生进行体力活动、睡眠质量、心理状况的调查。结果郑州高职院校大学生静态行为、中高强度体力活动时间分别为(91.23±56.25)(56.25±40.21) min/d,焦虑和睡眠得分为(37.41±7.72)(7.91±1.77)分。大学生体力活动合格率为22.27%,静态行为合格率为51.83%,焦虑检出率为9.22%,睡眠不良检出率为52.81%。女生静态行为合格、焦虑和睡眠不良的比例均高于男生(χ2值分别为7.16,5.93,39.34,P值均<0.05)。体力活动合格男生的焦虑和睡眠质量得分均低于不合格男生,差异有统计学意义(t值分别为-10.33,-11.25,P值均<0.01)。Logistic回归分析显示,与体力活动和静态行为均合格者相比,两者均不合格学生发生焦虑情绪和睡眠不良的风险分别为2.45和1.89倍,调整后分别为2.24和1.49倍(P值均<0.01)。结论郑州高职院校学生体力活动不足、静态行为较长问题严重,是导致焦虑、睡眠质量问题的重要因素。应从提高体力活动水平和降低静态行为入手提高身心健康发展。

Objective To understand physical activity status of students in Zhengzhou vocational colleges and its relationship with sleep and mental health,and to provide support for the development of physical and mental health and intervention. Methods A total of 6 224 college students were randomly selected from freshmen and sophomores in 4 vocational colleges in Zhengzhou and were investigated with questionnaire regarding physical activity,sleep quality,and mental health. Results The sedentary time and middle-high intensity physical activity time of college students in Zhengzhou vocational colleges were( 91.23±56.25)( 56.25±40.21) min/d;anxiety and sleep scores were( 37.41±7.72)( 7.91±1.77) points. The proportion of students meeting the gjideline of physical activity and senentary time was 22. 27% and 51. 83%,respectively,the prevalence of anxiety was 9. 22%,and the detection rate of poor sleep was 52. 81%. The percentage of female students who met the guideline for static behavior,reporting anxiety and poor sleep was higher than that of male students,and the difference was statistically significant( χ2= 7.16,5.93,39.34,P<0.05). The scores of anxiety and sleep quality of the physically qualified boys were lower than those of the unqualified boys,and the differences were statistically significant( t =-10.33,-11.25,P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that compared with those who were qualified for physical activity and static behavior,the risk of anxiety and sleep disturbance was 2.45 and 1.89 times for the unqualified students,and 2.24 and 1.49 times after adjustment( P< 0.01). Conclusion Students in Zhengzhou vocational colleges are lack of physical activity and have long sedentary time,which might be associated with anxiety and sleep quality problems. Physical and mental health among college students could be improved through physical activity promotion.