海南省2005与2015年12岁儿童口腔健康状况及行为变化

Changes in oral health status and oral health behavior among 12-year-old children in Hainan Province during 2005-2015

目的评价海南省2005—2015年12岁儿童口腔健康状况及口腔健康行为的变化,为儿童口腔预防提供依据。方法通过比较2005与2015年口腔流行病学调查的海南省12岁儿童口腔健康检查与家长问卷调查,分析儿童恒牙龋患率、饮食习惯、口腔健康行为、就医行为的变化。结果 2005年12岁儿童恒牙患龋率为49.9%,牙龈出血率为63.2%,牙石检出率为31.5%,2015年分别为57.0%,46.8%,39.5%,差异均有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为6.78,36.78,9.45,P值均<0.05)。2005年,31.0%的儿童每天吃甜点、糖果,13.1%的儿童每天喝甜饮料,21.8%的儿童每天喝加糖牛奶、酸奶,分别低于2015年的40.3%,27.5%,30.8%,差异均有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为11.53,38.76,12.73,P值均<0.05)。2005年,49.3%的儿童有过牙疼,2015年上升到58.8%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=23.43,P<0.05)。结论海南省12岁儿童恒牙龋患率较高,饮食习惯较差,口腔健康行为有改善,应加强12岁儿童的口腔健康教育。

Objective To evaluate the changes of oral health status and oral health behavior among 12-year-old children in Hainan province during 2005-2015,to provide basis for child oral disease prevention. Methods Through the third and fourth national oral health epidemiology survey,changes in dental caries prevalence rate,dietary habit,oral health behavior,medical care in12-year-old chirdren were analyzed. Results The percentage of dental caries in permanent,gingival blleeding,dental calculus of12-year-old chirdren in 2005 was 49.9%,63.2%,31.5% respectively,which 57.0%,46.8%,39.5% respectively in 2015( χ~2=6.78,36.78,9.45,P<0.05). The percentage of sugary snacks,drink and milk consumption every day in 2005 was 31.0%,13.1%,21.8% respectively,which increased to 40.3%,27.5%,30.8% in 2015( χ~2= 11.53,38.76,12.73,P< 0.05). 49.3% children had a toothache in 2005,which increased 58.8% in 2015( χ2= 23.43,P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of dental caries in permanent teeth of 12-year-old children in Hainan was high,while eating habits was poor and oral health behavior was showed significant improvement. Oral health education for 12-year-old should be strengthened.