基于多参数趋势分析的机车牵引座状态识别

Crack State Recognition for Locomotive Traction Seat Based on Multiple Parameter Trend Analysis

机车牵引座是机车车体与转向架的重要连接部件。机车在运行时牵引座经常承受交变载荷及腐蚀的影响,机车牵引座的焊缝处容易产生引发严重事故的裂纹。针对上述情况提出基于多参数趋势分析的牵引座状态识别的方法。采用扫频激励的方式对正常、小裂纹、大裂纹状态的机车牵引座模型做受迫振动。以牵引座模型的模态分析结果为参考依据,分析不同状态下牵引座模型的振动信号,引入振动相关的特征参数做焊缝裂纹早期开裂的趋势分析。根据趋势分析的结果,结合置信区间为机车牵引座焊缝裂纹的检测设定匹配区间,并进行实验验证。结果表明,该方法能准确地检测出机车牵引座焊缝裂纹及裂纹的状态。

The locomotive traction seat is an important connecting part of the locomotive body and bogie.The traction seat is often subjected to the effects of alternating loads and corrosion in locomotive operation.The crack of locomotive traction seat is prone to cause serious accidents.Aiming at the above situation,a method of identifying the tractor cracks based on multi-parameter trend analysis is proposed.Using the frequency sweep excitation method,the locomotive traction seat model in the normal state,the small crack state,and the large crack state is subjected to forced vibration.Based on the modal analysis results of the traction seat model,the vibration signals of the traction seat model under different conditions were analyzed,and the vibration-related characteristic parameters were introduced to analyze the early crack trend of weld cracks.According to the result of trend analysis,the matching interval is set for the detection of weld cracks in the traction seat of the locomotive based on the confidence interval,and verified by experiments.The results show that the method may accurately detect the weld cracks and the state of cracks in the traction seat of the locomotive.