正史对关公戏编创与传播的影响研究

Study on the Official History’s Influence on Composing and Spreading of Guangong Operas

正史对历史人物的臧否褒贬、对人物形象的塑造和传播,代表着权威和正统。戏曲的编创与传播表达了对历史的表征,对其载录故事的借用与演义,也表达着对历史的反思。《三国志》至《清史》的22部正史中,有14部83卷104次载录了关羽言行、评价与祭祀,塑造了关羽的历史形象,影响了关公戏曲的编创与传播。正史载录频次变化与关公戏编创发展相互衔接,正史文本为关公戏的编创提供了人物和本事,其评价塑造了关公的核心形象,亦推动关公戏在受众中的传播。

Official history which contains the comments on historical figures and the molding and dissemination of character’s image,represents the authority and orthodoxy.The writting and communication of traditional Chinese opera expresses the representation of history,and recordes the borrowing and interpretation of the stories,and indicates the reflection of history.From The Three Kingdoms to the Qing Dynasty,twenty-two official histories whose 14 books,83 volumes and 104 times recorded Guan Yu’s words and deeds,evaluations and worship,shaped Guan Yu’s historica image and influenced the dissemination of Guangong’s operas.The change of recording frequency of official history and the development of Guangong opera’s writting are mutually connected.Official history provides characters and skills for the writting of Guangong’s operas,whose evaluation not only shapes the leading image of Guangong but also promotes the dissemination of Guangong’s operas among the audience.