美国结构性产业政策的变革走向与中国应对

The Change Trend of Structural Industrial Policy in the United States and China′s Response

近年来,结构性产业政策在美国产业政策体系中的地位不断提升,是当前美国提升国内关键产业竞争力、配合对华贸易战与科技战的重要手段。预期美国将改革联邦产业政策管理体系,设立管理、协调产业政策与规划的中央机构与支持机构,制定实施系统性更强、举国特色更鲜明、使命导向更清晰的结构性产业政策甚至是国家级产业规划,对抗和遏制中国产业崛起。对此,我国应明确赶超发展与全球协作兼顾的产业政策使命、完善产业链安全管理体系、赋予产业政策更多的创新政策内涵、确保政策措施与国际多边规则接轨,从而保证国家产业政策支撑我国产业发展能够有效应对复杂多变的竞争环境。

In recent years,the status of structural industrial policy in the U.S.industrial policy system has been continuously improved,which is an important means for the United States to enhance the competitiveness of domestic key industries and cope with China′s trade war and science and technology war.It is expected that the United States will reform the federal industrial policy management system,set up central agencies and supporting agencies to manage and coordinate industrial policies and plans,formulate and implement structural industrial policies and even national industrial plans with stronger systematicness,more distinctive national characteristics and clearer mission orientation,so as to resist and contain the rise of China′s industries.In this regard,China should make clear the industrial policy mission of both catch-up development and global cooperation,improve the safety management system of industrial chain,endow industrial policy with more innovative policy connotation,and ensure that policies and measures are in line with international multilateral rules,so as to ensure that the national industrial policy can effectively cope with the complex and changeable competitive environment.