大数据技术应用中个人数字身份的伦理规制

Ethical Regulation of Personal Digital Identity in the Application of Big Data Technology

个人数字身份是大数据时代经济盈收与数字国家构建的先决条件,按应用领域、提供主体意愿等不同而有多种分类。目前伦理与法律对数字身份权如何确定、保存、使用,是否“下海”和如何“下海”都缺乏适度考量。其外向增量而非存量内卷的生态系统及多样性和流变性特征,不断引发出身份认定难、安全与隐私权交叠、自由意志受制约等伦理困境,甚至危及国家安全和社会稳定。大数据时代数字身份的规模发展,从伦理规制的角度涉及个人数字身份的开发、管理、保存和使用四个环节主体。规范大数据技术应用中的个人数字身份,应加强开发主体确立身份标准、管理主体进行产权规范、保存主体提供数字保险柜、使用主体确定控制权这一系统伦理链条的规制建设,从而形成正向反馈的良性生态和创造最大化价值。

Personal digital identity is a prerequisite for economic profitability and digital nation building in the era of big data.It can be classified according to different application fields and the willingness of the provider.At present,ethics and law are lack of proper consideration on how to determine,preserve and use digital identity right,on whether to"go to the sea"and how to"go to the sea".The ecological system,diversity and rheological characteristics of the external increment rather than the internal volume of the stock constantly lead to ethical dilemmas,such as difficult identification,overlapping of security and privacy rights,and restriction of free will,and even endanger national security and social stability.The scale development of digital identity in the era of big data,from the perspective of ethical regulation,involves the development,management,preservation and use of personal digital identity.It should strengthen the regulation construction of the system ethics chain of"the development subject establishes the identity standard,the management subject standardizes the property right,the preservation subject provides the digital safe,and the use subject determines the control right",so as to form the positive feedback benign ecology and create the maximum value.