面向产能优化的地下金属矿山安全保障条件评价研究

Evaluation Research on Safety Guarantee Conditions of Underground Metal Mines Oriented to Optimizing Production Capacity

随着我国对矿产资源的大量开采,很多矿山出现了各种各样的产能与安全问题,矿山安全保障条件的优化与产能目标的科学合理制定显得尤为重要。以矿山的产能优化为目标,建立了与产能相关的地下金属矿山安全保障研究与评价模型,并综合利用熵权—层次分析法、事故树和LEC法的计算特点,进行了计算过程的设计与论证。以国内某地下铅锌矿为例,依次进行了现有产能下的安全保障现状的评分计算与评价、当前安全保障条件下不同产能目标的完成能力评价与结果验证以及未来3年矿山最佳产能目标的制定等方面的研究,证明该评价方案能够为矿山产能优化和安全保障能力提升提供有效依据和有力方向。

Mineral resources are an important pillar of China’s development.Industries based on mineral resources occupy half of the national economic development.However,with the long-term exploitation of mineral resources in China,many mines have encountered various production and safety issues.Poor resource conditions,aging production equipment,poor management capabilities,and many safety accidents have brought problems to the development of China’s mines and have become a huge hidden danger.In recent years,with the rising demand for healthy and safe mine environment in China’s mines,the relationship between safety guarantee conditions and the production capacity of mines has become closer and closer.The optimization of mine safety guarantee conditions and the scientific and rational formulation of production capacity targets becomes particularly important.Based on the characteristics of the production capacity of underground metal mines,this paper establishes the“human,machine,material,environmental,and pipe”safety guarantee research and evaluation model of underground metal mines related to production capacity through the methods of literature survey,field investigation,and expert interviews.The calculation characteristics of the model calculation process were designed and demonstrated by comprehensively utilizing the calculation characteristics of entropy weight-analytic hierarchy process,accident tree and LEC method.Finally,taking an underground lead-zinc mine in China as an example,the research was conducted from three aspects,including the research on calculation and evaluation of the current safety assurance status score under the existing production capacity,evaluation and result verification of the ability to complete different production targets under current security conditions,and production capacity target formulation in the next 3 years.The evaluation results show that under the existing production conditions,if the mine want to rapidly improve the safety guarantee conditions,it is necessary to prioritize the reduction of the number of underground operators,reduce the violation rate of the operators,reduce the length of underground operations,optimize the conditions of underground mining,and rationally optimize the mining structure,and so on;The mine’s optimal production targets from 2020 to 2022 should be located at about 138000 t/a,137000 t/a,and 133000 t/a,respectively.The comparison between the evaluation results and the facts proves that the evaluation results are consistent with the actual situation of the mine and can provide reference and guidance significance for the actual production of the mine.Therefore,the evaluation method can provide an effective basis and direction for mine capacity optimization,self-evaluation and improvement of safety guarantee capabilities.