环境规制、技术创新与制造业绿色发展

Environmental Regulation,Technological Innovation and the Green Development of Manufacturing

基于不同规制类型与行业竞争程度差异,将制造业分为高竞争性行业和低竞争性行业,采用系统GMM动态面板模型评估行政命令型环境规制、市场激励型环境规制及综合使用这两类环境规制对制造业绿色发展的异质性影响。研究发现:(1)环境规制整体对制造业绿色发展的影响会经历一个由阻碍到促进的U型变化,当前我国环境规制的影响处于阻碍阶段,且这种阻碍效应在高竞争性行业更显著,低竞争性行业的U型拐点出现更晚;(2)行政命令型环境规制和市场激励型环境规制对制造业绿色发展分别表现为阻碍效应和促进效应,且这两种效应在高竞争性行业均表现更显著;(3)技术创新主要驱动了低竞争性行业的绿色发展,而对高竞争性行业的作用不显著。

Based on the difference between environmental regulations and industry competition,the division of manufacturing industries into high-competitive and low-competitive industries,this paper,with systematic GMM method,evaluates the heterogeneous impact of command-and-control environmental regulation,market-incentive environmental regulation,and the comprehensive one combining these two on the green development of manufacturing industry.It is found that the impact of environmental regulation on green development of manufacturing will undergo a"U-shaped"transformation from hindrance to promotion,and the current impact is still in the stage of hindrance,which is more significant in high competitive industries,and the U-shaped turning point of low competitive industries appears later;the green development of manufacturing industry is hindered and promoted by executive-order environmental regulation and market-incentive environmental regulation respectively,and the two effects are more significant in high competitive industries;technological innovation mainly drives the green development of low competitive industries,but the driving effect is not significant in high competitive industries.