“从契约到身份”——数据要素视野下的商事信用

“From Contract to Identity”:Commercial Credit from the Perspective of Data Element

数据不仅是市场经济中相对独立的生产要素之一,改变了传统的生产方式和经济增长模式。数据要素的主要特性是充分体现各类社会主体的专有信息,全面、准确的信息是识别主体信用的关键。互联网时代的社会数据具有个性化和社会化两种特性。大数据时代的商事信用不依赖于主体自身的主观因素,而是由其客观信息和数据如实反映出来。商事信用呈现出个性化、差别化特征,不同身份主体的商事信用程度不同。在数字时代,每个人既是信息的生产者,也是信息的攫取者,而这都是与其身份密不可分的,在所有社会交往特别是商事交易中,实现了“从契约到身份”的回归。算法决策在商业活动中应用越来越广泛,某种程度上弱化了信用在交易中的作用。区块链技术的应用给信用制度带来新的机遇和挑战。

Data are not only one of relatively independent production factors in the market economy,but also has changed the traditional production mode and economic growth model.Giving full play to exclusive information of all social subjects is the characteristic of data element,while comprehensive and accurate information is the key of identifying subjects’credit.In the internet age,social data is characterized by personalization and socialization.In the age of big data,commercial credit does not rest with subjects’subjective elements,but is truthfully reflected by their objective information and data;it is personalized and differentiated,varying with subject identities.In the digital age,everyone is both a producer and a gainer of information,which is closely related to his or her identity.In all social contacts,especially in commercial tradings,one has returned to his identity from contracts.Algorithmic decision is widely applied in commercial activities,which to some extent,has weakened the role of credit in tradings.Besides,the application of blockchain technology also brings opportunities and challenges for the credit system.