绵阳市中小学生视力不良检出现状及影响因素分析

Prevalence of Poor Eyesight and its Influencing Factors Among Primary and Middle School Students in Mianyang City

目的了解绵阳市中小学生视力不良现状,为制定相应干预措施提供理论依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,2019年选取绵阳市2区1县共17所中小学8176名学生进行视力检查。学校教学环境按照每所学校不同楼层、不同朝向、不同采光方式抽取6间教室,对102间教室进行现场监测,并采用SPSS 19.0软件进行χ2检验。结果中小学生视力不良总检出率为68.94%;女生视力不良检出率均高于男生(P<0.05);学生视力不良检出率随着年龄的增加逐年递增(P<0.05);课桌面照度、黑板照度、课桌椅分配合格率分别为56.86%、21.28%和5.19%。结论绵阳市中小学生视力不良水平处于较高水平,高中学生、尤其是女生是今后近视防控治理的重点关注人群。改善教学设施和条件,优化视觉环境是控制学生近视的重要措施之一。

Objective To explore the prevalence of poor eyesight among primary and middle school students in Mianyang city in order to provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of the corresponding intervention measures.Methods A total of 8176 students from 17 primary and secondary schools in1 county and 2 districts of Mianyang city were selected by a stratified cluster sampling method.Considering the teaching environment of each school,6 classrooms were selected according to different floors,orientations and ways of lighting in each of those schools.Totally,102 classrooms were monitored on site.SPSS19.0 was used for Chi-square test.Results The total detection rate of visual impairment was 68.94% among primary and middle school students.The detection rate of visual impairment in girls was higher than that in boys(P<0.05).The detection rate of visual impairment increased with age(P<0.05).The qualification rates of desk illumination,blackboard illumination and desk and chair assignment were 56.86%,21.28% and 5.19%,respectively.Conclusion The prevalence of poor eyesight is at a high level among primary and middle school students in Mianyang City.Improving teaching facilities and conditions and optimizing the visual environment are important measures to control students’myopia.