高端轴承制造组织性能的近净冷轧环工艺调控

Processing control of near-net cold ring rolling for microstructure and properties of high-end bearings

以高速机床主轴承、航空发动机轴承为代表的高端轴承,常在极端严苛工况下服役,对寿命和可靠性的要求极高,需要其轴承环件承载区具有十分优良的力学性能保障。近净冷轧环成形方法作为轴承环的先进技术,不仅具有显著的节能、节材、高效等技术经济效果,而且通过冷塑性变形强化能够大幅改善轴承环件性能,已成为轴承环国际主流的成形技术。从冷轧成形工艺过程组织演变、冷轧成形对热处理的影响规律以及冷轧形变-热处理相变协同调控3个方面的研究进展进行简要阐述,并就轴承环近净冷轧环工艺的研究技术难点进行了总结与展望。

The high-end bearings,such as the main bearings of high-speed machine tools and aero-engine bearings,are often in service under extremely severe working conditions and have a very high demand for high service life and reliability,which require a very good mechanical performance guarantee in the bearing area of bearing rings.As an advanced technology of bearing rings,the near-net cold ring rolling(CRR)method not only has remarkable technical and economic effects such as energy saving,material saving and high efficiency,but also can greatly improve the performance of bearing ring through cold plastic deformation strengthening,which has become the international mainstream forming technology of bearing rings.The research progress of the microstructure evolution during the CRR process,the influence of CRR on the subsequent heat treatment and the coordinated control of the CRR process and heat treatment transformation are briefly described,and the technical difficulties of the near-net CRR process for bearing rings are summarized and prospected.