对受虐妇女杀夫案适用防御性紧急避险的再思考

Application of Defensive Necessity in Maltreated Women Murdering their Husbands Cases

因家庭暴力受虐妇女杀夫的案件屡见不鲜,为求审判公正有学者提出以防御性紧急避险理论作为杀夫妇女的出罪事由。现实中妇女会同他人共谋杀夫的情形亦非罕见,而提倡这一理由的学者仅以妇女为分析对象却忽略了对妇女以外的第三人是否构成救助型防御性紧急避险的讨论。救助型防御性紧急避险在规范、伦理与法理层面皆有其正当性依据,且在避险可行性与避险限度要件的判断中与自助型防御性紧急避险不同,应当以危险紧迫性判断为核心加以区分。

Some scholars suggest that the theory of defensive necessity be considered as the impunity for the abused women in the frequent happen abused women murdering their husbands cases for the sake of trail fairness.However,the sug⁃gestion only takes the abused women into consideration,ignoring the discussion whether the conspirators constitute salvagetype defensive necessity in the uncommon situations that women conspire with others to kill their husbands.Salvage-type de⁃fensive necessity,different from self-rescue-type defensive necessity in the judgment of feasibility and limitation,holding legitimacy at the normative,ethical and jurisprudential levels,should be distinguished by the judgment of dangerous urgen⁃cy as the core element.