页岩气废水处理技术研究进展

Research progress in treatment technology for shale gas wastewater

页岩气作为经济价值巨大、资源前景广阔的替代性能源,在近20年来发展迅速,其生产过程中产生页岩气废水的处理受到了广泛关注。页岩气废水水质复杂,通常具有高浓度总溶解固体和有机化合物复杂且含量高的特点,尤其是高浓度总溶解固体对处理技术提出了挑战。在介绍页岩气废水水质特点和处理方式的基础上,本文对近年来出现的页岩气废水处理技术进行总结,包括预处理技术、有机物处理技术和脱盐技术;指出页岩气废水处理的关键在于脱盐,重点论述了热技术和膜技术在页岩气废水脱盐方面的应用,展望了膜技术潜在的利用价值;提出了页岩气废水处理的技术组合。研究特征有机污染物的降解、驯化耐盐菌或接种嗜盐菌、降低热技术的成本、增强膜的抗污染性、开发强化的膜技术,是页岩气废水处理的研究方向。

As an alternative energy source with huge economic value and broad resource prospects,shale gas has developed rapidly in the past two decades,and the treatment of shale gas wastewater in its production process has received extensive attention.The composition of shale gas wastewater is complex,which usually has a high concentration of total dissolved solids and complex organic compounds.Especially,the high concentration of total dissolved solids poses a challenge to the treatment technology.In this review,based on the introduction of shale gas wastewater quality characteristics and treatment methods,the treatment technologies of shale gas wastewater in recent years were summarized,including pretreatment technology,organic compounds degradation technology and desalination technology.It is pointed out that the key to shale gas wastewater treatment is desalination.The application of thermal technology and membrane technology in desalination of shale gas wastewater was mainly discussed.The potential of utilization value of membrane technology was prospected.The technical combination of shale gas wastewater treatment was proposed.It is suggested that studying the degradation of specific organic matter,domesticating salt-tolerant bacteria or inoculating halophilic bacteria,reducing the cost of thermal technology,enhancing the anti-pollution of membranes,and developing enhanced membrane technology will be the research direction for shale gas wastewater treatment.