水平轴风力机轮毂风荷载特性试验研究

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON WIND LOAD CHARACTERISTICS OF HUB OF HORIZONTAL AXIS WIND TURBINE

以2.0 MW水平轴风力机为研究对象,采用自主设计的风力机模型在边界层风洞中进行了测力天平试验,研究了A、B两类地貌,叶片桨距角呈0°、90°时,风力机轮毂处的风力系数、脉动风力的功率谱和相干性等特性.结果表明:风力机轮毂平均和脉动风力系数值随风向角增减的规律性明显.各风向角下B、A类地貌下平均风力系数之比的平均值在80%左右.相比0°桨距角,90°桨距角时各风向角下y轴向平均风力系数平均减小67%,x轴向平均风力系数平均增大108%.脉动风力功率谱在折减频率0.6处存在天平-模型共振引起的尖锐谱峰,采用半刚性模型风力谱修正方法可以消除由于天平-模型系统因刚度不足引起的共振响应.

With 2.0 MW horizontal axis wind turbines as the research object,self-designed wind turbine model was test-ed by force balance in a boundary layer wind tunnel.The wind load characteristics including wind force coefficient,pow-er spectrum and coherence of fluctuating wind at the hub of wind turbine with a 0°or 90°pitch angle in A,B terrain categories were studied.The results show that the mean and fluctuating wind force coefficients of wind turbine hub in-crease or decrease obviously with the wind direction.The average value of mean wind force coefficients in all wind direc-tions in B terrain category is about 80%of that in A terrain category.Compared with 0°pitch angle,the mean wind force coefficient in the y-axis decreases by 67%and that in the x-axis increases by 108%with 90°pitch angle.There is a sharp peak caused by the balance model resonance at the reduced frequency 0.6 on the fluctuating wind power spectrum.The resonance response caused by the insufficient stiffness of the balance model system can be eliminated by using the semi-rigid model wind spectrum correction method.