塔里木河流域绿色生态空间与景观格局变化研究

Processes shaping land cover and green space changes in the Tarim River Basin

本文以1990—2018年4期遥感解译数据为基础,在RS与GIS的支持下,运用景观单一动态度、转移矩阵模型及景观格局指数等方法对塔里木河流域的绿色生态空间与景观格局变化进行研究。结果表明:全流域的绿色生态空间总体呈持续减小的趋势,尤其是2010年后绿色生态空间急剧萎缩,其中减少量最大的绿色空间为草地。在各景观类型中,以建设用地和耕地等人为利用为主的人工景观增多,而以草地等自然覆被为主的自然景观减少。1990—2018年间人类活动对全流域景观格局的干扰不断增强,且在1990—2000年间,人类干扰强度最为显著;各类景观的空间分布结构均趋于失稳状态,总体呈现出景观破碎程度不断加深、景观异质性不断增强和景观格局趋于复杂化的特点。

This paper presented four datasets of land use/cover of the Tarim River basin derived from Land-sat TM/ETM+images in 1990,2000,2010 and 2018.Land use dynamic index,landscape-transition matrix approach and landscape pattern indices were simultaneously employed for quantifying spatio-temporal dynam-ic green space and landscape pattern in the Tarim River basin.The results show a general decline of the green space in the Tarim River basin during 1990-2018.Changes in green space are due to the shrinkage of grassland,especially after 2010.By further analysis of the landscape index,we found that anthropogenic influence increased gradually from 1990 to 2018.The anthropogenic influence may play a significant role in affecting the landscape distribution during the period of 1990-2000.The spatial distribution of construction land and agricultural land changed completely.The general decline in grassland was most pronounced dur-ing the study period.Not surprisingly,intensity of land use is strengthened,and the heterogeneity of the landscape was enhanced by anthropogenic impacts.The shape of landscape patches is still actively being un-regularized.