中国旅游效率与生态效率耦合协调的时空演变

The temporal and spatial evolution of the coupling and coordination between tourism efficiency and ecological efficiency in China

基于DEA-SBM模型测算2008—2017年中国旅游效率与生态效率,并结合耦合协调度模型与地理探测器,揭示二者耦合协调度的时空演变规律及其影响因素。研究发现:2008—2017年中国旅游效率与生态效率的耦合协调度并不乐观,以中度耦合协调阶段的濒临失调类型和勉强失调类型为主,前期相对平稳,后期波动剧烈;二者耦合协调度呈现出东高西低的分布特征,空间相关性较强;人口密度、产业结构和技术创新对二者耦合协调度具有显著影响,政策条件和经济发展水平前期影响不显著但后期影响显著,城镇化水平整体影响不显著。据此,提出规划旅游用地以缓解土地承载压力,优化产业结构以平衡投入产出比,加强科技创新以增强旅游发展动力等对策,以促进旅游经济与生态环境协调发展,从而推进中国旅游业的高质量发展。

The value of tourism efficiency and ecological efficiency in China from 2008 to 2017 was measured based on the DEA-SBM model.Combined with the coupling and coordination degree model and geographical detector,the temporal and spatial evolution rule of the coupling and coordination degree and its influencing factors were revealed.The research finds that the coupling and coordination degree between tourism efficiency and ecological efficiency in China is not optimistic from 2008 to 2017 and mainly in the endangered unbalanced and barely unbalanced types of the moderately coupled coordination stages.It is relatively stable in the early stage but fluctuates violently in the later stage.The coupling and coordination degree of the two shows the distribution characteristics of″high in the east and low in the west″with strong spatial correlation.Population density,industrial structure and technological innovation have significant influence on the coupling and coordination degree.The influence of policy conditions and economic development level is not significant in the early stage,while its significance and influence are increased in the later stage.The overall impact of urbanization level is not significant.Based on this,in order to promote the coordinated development of tourism economy and ecological environment,some countermeasures are put forward,such as planning tourism land to alleviate the pressure of land bearing,optimizing industrial structure to balance the input-output ratio,strengthening scientific and technological innovation to enhance the driving force of tourism development so as to promote the high-quality development of China′s tourism industry.