警惕知识产权的过度保护——以激励理论为视角

Be Wary of Excessive Protection of Intellectual Property Rights——From the Perspective of Incentive Theory

知识产权法律制度作为舶来品,该制度的正当性基础及价值导向自其诞生以来就饱受争议。在今天,我国已经把加大知识产权保护力度上升到国家战略的层面,知识产权的保护范围逐步扩大,保护强度也正增强,以期激励知识成果的出现;但对激励理论的批评一直存在,同时知识产权权利一味的扩张也只会使公共领域受到的限制与侵占越来越紧迫。边际递减现象的经济学原理提醒我们,并不是知识产权的保护强度越高,激励创新的作用就越大;“反者道之动”的哲学原理告诉我们,矛盾的双方会相互转化,在知识产权强保护的今天,应该警惕知识产权的过度保护而带来的负面影响。

As a foreign product,the foundation and value orientation of the legal system of intellectual property rights has been controversial from the very beginning.At present,China has treated the protection of intellectual property rights as a national strategy.The scope of the protection of intellectual property is gradually expanding,and the intensity of protection is also increasing,in order to inspire the emergence of knowledge achievements;but criticism of incentive theory has always existed,and the blind expansion of intellectual property rights may make the restriction and encroachment of the public domain.The economic principle of the diminishing marginal phenomenon reminds us that it is not that the higher the protection of intellectual property rights,the greater the role of stimulating innovation;the philosophical principle of"the opposite way"tells us that the two parties to the contradiction will transform each other.Today,with strong protection of property rights,we should be alert to the negative effects of excessive protection of intellectual property rights.