原著再造与经典生成:《罗密欧与朱丽叶》的中国行旅

The Reconstruction of Original Works and the Generation of Classics:The Travel of Romeo and Juliet in China

在经典生成包括跨文化传播过程中,原著会被再造,原著再造的结果产生经典。莎士比亚戏剧的中国行旅,就是一个原著再造和经典生成的典型过程。就莎士比亚早期剧作《罗密欧与朱丽叶》而言,林纾《吟边燕语》、戴望舒《罗密欧与裘丽叶达》等都使戏剧故事逐渐为中国读者所熟悉。田汉第一个译出了全本《罗密欧与朱丽叶》,徐志摩、曹未风、曹禺、朱生豪、梁实秋、孙大雨等都用各自的方式和观点弥合了之前译本的不足,再造了莎剧的生命。傅光明的“新译”则在“原味儿”的实践中,解决了“原著”的版本问题,成就了译本自身的经典性。经典的生成正是于再造原著的过程中让作品“走向完整”。

In the process of classic generation,including cross-cultural communication,the original works will be reconstructed.The result of the reconstruction of original works is to produce classics.The travels of Shakespearean plays in China is a typical process of the reconstruction of original works and the generation of classics.In the case of Shakespeare s early play Romeo and Juliet,Lin Shu s Tales from Shakespeare and Dai Wangshu s Romeo and Juliet etc,made the drama story gradually familiar to Chinese readers.Tian Han was the first to translate the complete version of Romeo and Juliet.Xu Zhimo,Cao Weifeng,Cao Yu,Zhu Shenghao,Liang Shiqiu,Sun Dayu and other translators used their own ways and perspectives to overcome the shortcomings of the previous versions and recreated the life of this Shakespearean play.Fu Guangming s“new translation”solved the version problem of the“original work”in the practice of“original flavor”,and achieved the classics of the translation itself.The classic work is generated in the process of reconstructing original works,which makes the works“complete”.