中国对外话语体系构建探讨:以林纾“融合”话语为鉴

Construction of Chinese International Discourse:Lin Shu's“Integration Discourse”as a Reference

近来,特别是新冠疫情暴发后,人类发展面临新的挑战,中国对外话语构建的重要性和紧迫性愈加突显。面对中西文化交流失衡和中国话语在全球话语“失语”的现实,当前对外话语构建要避免自我怜悯、过度激进、对抗冲突思维,将当前的“走出去”与近代以来的“引进来”话语构建放在同一个逻辑时空坐标体系中,以异向同构思维探索对外话语构建的有效路径。林纾的“引进来”话语构建,在话语形式、叙事模式和价值观承载方面体现出“融合”话语特征,对“走出去”话语构建提供了富有启发意义的参考。基于“融合”思维的对外话语构建包含以下内涵:以具有中国特质的中国英语为话语表达手段,以中国传统和当代实践为基础并具有全球化思维的言说方式为叙事模式,以中西方价值观的互补互鉴为思想共载。这种融合话语构建方式旨在避开意识形态和价值观的直接冲突,以中国文化价值观的自信为基础,以世界问题的中国解决方案为路径,以多元话语的共存为核心,以全人类的共同关切为终极目标,对人类文明的进一步繁荣发展具有深远的历史意义。

The outbreak of COVID-19 disease has brought the whole world a series of new challenges.In the context of an unbalanced exchange between Chinese and western cultures as well as the lack of Chinese voice in the global discourse,there is an increasing need to build Chinese international discourse.First of all,in the construction of China s international discourse,some inappropriate ways of thinking should be avoided,including undue self-deprecation,excessive self-confidence,and inappropriate antagonism.To construct Chinee international discourse is one of the two missions in the construction of Chinese discourse,the other one being the construction of Chinese modern discourse beginning in the early modern period through learning from the west.The two missions,either going global at the present phase or coming local since the modern time,are two different directions of the same project,whose ultimate purpose is to build a globalized modern Chinese discourse.At the same time,the successful construction of Chinese modern discourse has not only formed the basis but also offered some reference for the present construction of Chinese international discourse.Lin Shu,as one of the pioneering modern discourse builders,achieved great success through constructing an integrated mode of discourse characterized by the flexible linguistic forms,combined narration and inclusive values.Inspired by Lin Shu s discourse practice,this paper suggests an integration model of building Chinese international discourse,including adopting China English as the linguistic medium,the globalized way of expressing traditional and modern Chinese thoughts,and a complementary unity of Chinese and western values.The rationale for this integrated discourse model is to avoid conflicts,find common grounds,seek alternative measures for human problems,and serve for the shared human concerns.The successful construction of an integrated Chinese international discourse is of far-reaching significance in the sustained development and prosperity of human civilization.