纳藏族群认同与艺术边界构建研究——以纳西族勒巴舞为案例

Discuss on the Ethnic Identity and Relative Boundaries of Naxi and Zang Minority Arts by the Case of Leba Dance

主要流传于滇西北纳西族的勒巴舞是舞蹈类别跨越纳藏族别的典型形式,共同的经济、文化基础之上的界限模糊化使勒巴舞跨越纳藏族群得以实现,并相应产生族群艺术边界的自我区分及调整。滇西北纳西族地区作为藏区特别是康区的文化边缘,有着苯教、噶举派的信仰基础,在纳藏的长期交流中形成相似的文化模式。勒巴舞案例体现出纳西文化的和融性,一方面以勒巴舞的形式保留了大量再吸纳后的文化特质,另一方面形成族际艺术边界的再构建,在多民族文化影响及不断调和中形成了纳西文化兼收并蓄的包容特征,以文化的边缘地保留了丰富的古老文化特质,勒巴舞案例体现了文化模式、族群认同、艺术传播与变迁之间形成的互动。

Leba Dance that spread in the northwest of Yunnan province is a typical form of art which span across Naxi and Zang minorities.Fuzzy boundaries on the basis of common economy and culture realized Leba Dance spread across Naxi and Zang minorities and formed the adjustment of the boundary of ethnic art.As the edge of the Tibetan culture,especially as the edge of the Kang District culture,there was the belief of the Bonpo and Karma Kagyu sect in the northwest of Yunnan province for a long time,that formed similar culture model with Tibetan area.The case of Leba Dance manifests compatibility of Naxi culture.Naxi culture becoming more and more eclectic and comprehensive accompanied by continuous mediate with Han culture and Zang culture,becoming more and more inclusive.As the edge of cultures,Naxi culture is also preserved many ancient cultural traits in the long history,Leba Dance is just the one of the typical example of the interaction between cultural patterns,ethnic identities,arts’communications and changes.