基于改进三维生态足迹模型的耕地承载力评价——以江苏省为例

Evaluation of Cultivated Land Carrying Capacity Based on an Improved Three-dimension Ecological Footprint Model:A Case Study of Jiangsu Province

研究目的:聚焦开放环境中本地居民对"本地"耕地的生态占用以及生产活动对耕地生态环境造成的负面影响,改进三维生态足迹模型,提升耕地资源承载力评价的科学性与准确性。研究方法:扩展的三维生态足迹模型、碳足迹模型、贸易调整系数法。研究结果:(1)经贸易系数调整后,开放环境中江苏省耕地生物资源足迹远小于封闭环境中的测算结果;(2)反映人类活动对耕地带来生态负面影响的碳足迹虽逐年递减,但始终高于反映人类食物性需求的生物资源足迹,江苏省耕地破坏性利用较为严重;(3)全省生态足迹呈总体下降趋势,生态赤字逐步缓解,耕地可持续利用不断向好。研究结论:基于承载力系统开放性与耕地利用生态破坏考量的三维生态足迹模型,能够更加准确地评价区域耕地承载状况,为土地耕作方式的优化和生态补偿政策的制定提供更加科学的依据。

The purpose of this paper is to reflect the accurate evaluation results of cultivated land carrying capacity by improving the three-dimension ecological footprint model,with a special focus on the ecological occupation of the"local"cultivated land in the open environment and the negative impact of humans’production activities on cultivated land.The methods of expanded three-dimension ecological footprint model,carbon footprint model and trade adjustment coefficient were employed.The results showed that:1)the footprint of cultivated land biological resources in the open environment adjusted by the trade coefficient was far less than the calculated result in the closed environment of Jiangsu Province;2)although the carbon footprint decreased,it was still higher than the biological resources footprint,suggesting that the cultivated land was used destructively in Jiangsu Province;3)the ecological footprint showed an general downward trend and the ecological deficit was alleviated gradually,revealing that the cultivated land in Jiangsu Province would be used more sustainably.In conclusion,on the basis of the open system of carrying capacity and the ecological damage of cultivated land utilization,the improved three-dimension ecological footprint model can evaluate the actual carrying status more accurately,so as to provide a more scientific basis for optimizing land cultivating methods and making ecological compensation policies.