利用农艺性状研究山西小麦地方品种的遗传代表性

The Genetic Representation of Local Wheat Varieties in Shanxi Province was Studied by Agronomic Characters

通过田间农艺性状对小麦地方品种进行初级核心种质构建,为小麦地方品种利用研究提供代表性群体。构建方法采用遗传距离、系统聚类方法、取样比例和取样方法 4个层面相结合的方式,应用VD、MD、VR和CR对初级核心种质进行评价,经t值、符合率和主成分分析对初级核心种质进行检验。结果表明:构建方法为"多次聚类优先取样法+19.27%取样比例+马氏距离+中间距离法"的策略最佳,共有79份小麦地方品种入选初级核心种质。核心种质的评价参数VD、MD、VR和CR值分别为69.57%、0、133.93%和100.00%,初级核心种质和基础样本的总遗传多样性指数t值检验差异仅为0.07,初级核心种质和基础样本的最大值、均值、多样性指数和最小值符合率均值分别为92.96%、96.25%、90.24%和92.98%,初级核心种质的主成分累计贡献率比基础样本提高了6.49%。初级核心种质构建符合构建评价标准,构建方法对保留基础样本的遗传多样性较适宜,能较好代表基础样本的表型变异特征。

The primary c ore collection of wheat local landraces was constructed based on the field agronomic traits, which provided a representative population for the research and utilization of wheat landraces in Shanxi Province. The construction method uses a combination of genetic distance, systematic clustering method, sampling proportion, and sampling method. The primary core collection was evaluated by VD, MD, VR and CR, and the primary core collection was tested by t-value, accord rate and principal component analysis. The results showed that the construction method of ’ multiple clustering priority sampling method+19.27% sampling proportion+ Mahalanobis distance+middle distance method’’ was identified as the optimal sampling strategy, a total of 79 wheat landraces were selected for inclusion in the primary core collection. The primary core collection was evaluated by VD(69.57%), MD(0), VR(133.93%) and CR(100.00%). The difference in t-value test for the primary core collection and the basic sample collection total diversity index was only 0.07. The maximum value, mean value,diversity index coincidence rates and minimum value of the primary core collection and the basic sample collection were 92.96%, 96.25%, 90.24% and 92.98%, respectively. The cumulative contribution rate of primary core collection increased by 6.49% than the basic sample collection. Therefore, the primary core collection construction conforms to the construction evaluation criteria, and the construction method is more suitable for preserving the genetic diversity of the basic sample collection, which can better represent the phenotypic variation characteristics of the basic sample collection.