不同管理方式对儿童变应性鼻炎舌下特异性免疫治疗中疗效及依从性的影响

The effect of different management methods on the efficacy and compliance of sublingual specific immunotherapy in children with allergic rhinitis

目的探讨不同的管理方式对变应性鼻炎患儿舌下特异性免疫治疗有效性及依从性的影响。方法采用不同的管理方式,对经特异性免疫治疗的170例患儿1年后进行依从性及疗效调查分析,分析不同管理方式的优缺点。结果1年后微信组脱落率为25.9%,电话组脱落率为60.3%;微信组和电话组经过1年治疗,两组患儿治疗前后的鼻部症状评分及药物评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。但对比微信组和电话组1年来患者改善情况,微信组从对症药物评分及鼻部症状评分上改善情况均优于电话组(P<0.05);将两组患儿分别归于昆明当地和外地进行脱落情况的比较发现,两组脱落差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),并且治疗1年后的鼻部症状及用药评分进行比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论微信管理在过敏性鼻炎患儿中起着重要作用,患儿的疗效及依从性均较电话管理高,但对微信接受能力差的家属也不能放弃电话管理,应针对不同的患儿家属选择最为合适的管理方式。

Objective To explore the effect of different management methods on the effectiveness and compliance of sublingual specific immunotherapy in children with allergic rhinitis.Methods Different management methods were used for 170 children who received specific immunotherapy,and one year later the compliance and efficacy in the children were investigated and analyzed and the advantages and disadvantages of different management methods were analyzed.Results One year later,the expulsion rate of the WeChat group was 25.9%,and that of the telephone group was 60.3%.After one year of treatment,the changes of the nasal symptom scores and drug scores in both groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).However,compared with the improvement of patients in the telephone group over the past year,the improvement in the WeChat group was better in terms of symptomatic drug scores and nasal symptom scores(P<0.05).When the two groups of children were classified into Kunming local areas and the outside areas respectively,it was found that there was no statistically significant difference in expulsion between the two groups(P>0.05),and there was no statistically significant difference in the nasal symptom scores and medication scores after one year of treatment(P>0.05).Conclusion WeChat management plays an important role in the children with allergic rhinitis.The corresponding efficacy and compliance in the children are higher than those of telephone management.However,for families with poor WeChat acceptance,telephone management cannot be given up,and the most appropriate management method should be selected for different families.