探索考古学的中国化之路——以苏秉琦先生为中心的反思与前瞻

On Indigenization of Archaeology in China——Reflection and Prospect Centering upon Su Bingqi’s Archaeological Theories

考古学的中国路是科学化认知中国历史之路、求索民族之根之路、发现民族之魂之路、支撑民族复兴之路苏秉琦先生不仅提出考古学的区系类型学说和中华民族、中国文明形成的多元一体学说,也曾经提出“考古是人民的事业”的命题并展开了若干实践:人民的考古学、文化遗产时代的考古学,究其实质就是可持续的考古学和公共考古学新时期的中国考古学必须走科学考古学支撑基础上的可持续的考古学,这种考古学应该包括科学的考古学、人民的考古学、公众的考古学和公共考古学等。科学探索与文化责任的融合,将为新时期的考古学开辟新的发展维度。

Indigenization of archaeology in China is scientifically recognizing Chinese history,seeking out the root of the nation,discovering the national spirit,and supporting national rejuvenation.Apart from putting forward the archaeological theory of distributional typology and the theory of pluralistic integration that explains the formation of the Chinese nation and Chinese civilization,Su Bingqi also initiated the proposition that‘Archaeology is the cause for the people’,and were engaged in multiple practices.Archaeology for the people in an era where cultural heritage is valued is essentially sustainable archaeology and public archaeology.In the new era,Chinese archaeology must be sustainable archaeology formed upon the basis of scientific archaeology,and should include scientific archaeology,archaeology for the people,public archaeology and public archaeology,etc..The combination of scientific exploration and cultural responsibilities will open up new prospects for the development of Chinese archaeology in the new era.