城市热岛效应对我国不同气候区既有居住建筑采暖空调能耗的影响研究

Research on the Influence of Urban Heat Island(UHI)Intensity on Energy Consumption for Heating and Cooling of Existing Residential Buildings in Different Climate Zones

选取严寒地区、寒冷地区、夏热冬冷地区和夏热冬暖地区的9个城市典型气象年数据为基准,采用TRNSYS对某实际居住建筑的采暖空调能耗进行了模拟计算。结果表明:同一个气候区的居住建筑采暖能耗降低率与热岛强度呈现出良好的线性关系,空调能耗的增加率与热岛强度的线性关系则不明显。夏热冬暖地区,居住建筑仅为空调能耗,受热岛效应影响总能耗增长率约为8.55%/0.5℃;夏热冬冷地区,热岛效应带来的空调能耗增加和采暖能耗降低相差不大,总能耗基本保持不变;严寒和寒冷地区,居住建筑以采暖能耗为主,受热岛效应影响总能耗降低率分别约为1.74%/0.5℃和2.97%/0.5℃。

The energy consumption for heating and cooling in an existing residential building was calculated using TRNSYS based on data from the typical meteorological years of nine cities located in severe cold,cold,hotsummer and cold-winter,and hot-summer and warm-winter zones.Results revealed that the linear relationship between the reduction rate of heating energy consumption in the residential building and the urban heat island(UHI)intensity in the same climate zone was strong,while the linear relationship between the increasing rate of energy consumption for cooling and UHI intensity was not obvious.In the hot-summer and warm-winter zone,energy consumption only occurred for cooling,and the increasing rate of the total energy consumption caused by the UHI was approximately 8.55%/0.5℃.In the hot-summer and cold-winter zone,a small difference existed between the increasing energy consumption for cooling and the decreasing energy consumption for heating caused by the UHI,and total energy consumption essentially remained constant.In the severe-cold and cold zones,energy consumption existed predominantly for heating,and the reduction rates of total energy consumption caused by the UHI were found to be 1.7%/0.5℃and 2.9%/0.5℃,respectively.