虢国墓地出土部分青铜器微量元素的分析

Analysis of trace elements in bronzes unearthed from the cemetery of Guo State

将微量元素示踪法与铅同位素比值法结合起来对青铜器矿料的溯源会起到相得益彰的效果。先前对虢国墓地青铜器的铅同位素比值测定表明,其青铜器铅同位素与山西中条山和长江中下游地区都有重合。本次微量元素分析结果显示,虢国墓地青铜器与山西中条山古矿冶遗址微量元素特征不同,而与长江中下游地区的湖北铜绿山古矿冶遗址铜锭的微量元素特征相似,推测长江中下游地区可能为虢国墓地青铜器提供了大量的铜料。此外,微量元素与铅同位素都表明虢国墓地不同墓葬的青铜器基本具有一致的矿料来源。

The combination of trace element and lead isotope ratio methods can complement the ability to trace bronze minerals.Previous measurements of the isotope ratio of bronzes in the cemetery of Guo State suggest that the bronze ore material may have originated at Zhongtiao Mountain in Shanxi and the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River.The elemental analysis of this time shows that the trace elements of the bronzes are completely different from those of the Zhongtiao Mountain copper deposit in Shanxi,but have the same characteristics as those of the copper deposits and copper ingots from Tonglu Mountain in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River,and at ancient mining and smelting sites in southern Anhui.In addition,both trace elements and lead isotopes show that the bronzes of different tombs in the cemetery of Guo State share a consistent source of minerals,indicating that the source of bronzes unearthed from the cemetery of Guo State was relatively simple and stable.