骗取贷款罪节制适用的背景及路径

On the moderation of the crime of fraudulent loan

骗取贷款罪近年来在司法实务中呈现出了一种滥用化现状,原因在于立法之初的定位错误以及司法解释的恣意扩张,因此,《刑法修正案(十一)(草案)》删除了“或者有其他严重情节”的表述。骗取贷款罪被滥用化的深层原因在于“重管制,轻自治”的经济模式。在我国的金融体制逐步克服金融抑制模式的弊端,实现从“重管制,轻自治”向“重自治,轻管制”转变的背景下,骗取贷款罪节制适用的路径在于:认清本罪属于非法定犯的行政犯的属性;在经济犯罪体系中将本罪定位为制度依存型经济犯罪;构建金融信用安全-信贷资金安全的阶层式法益结构。通过这种方式对于本罪的适用范围进行必要的限缩。

The underlying reason for the increasing crime of fraudulent loans in the judicial practice in recent years is the economic model of“emphasis on control over autonomy”.As China's financial system is shifting to the model of“emphasis on autonomy over control”,the crime of fraudulent loans should also be applied sparingly.When deciding the sentence,judges should be aware that this crime is an administrative crime(not a statutory crime)and a system-dependent economic crime,and that a hierarchical legal structure of financial credit security and credit fund security should be devised.