中学生课外补习实证研究——基于中国教育追踪调查数据分析

An Empirical Research of Middle School Students'Extra-curricular Tutoring Based on China Education Panel Survey|

课外补习现象在我国非常普遍,分析文化科目的补习现状、影响因素与效果,可为政府、学校和家长的相关决策提供依据.本研究采用中国教育追踪调查数据,分析初中生语文、数学和英语3门科目的补习情况.研究发现:语数英补习比例分别为24.1%、22.87%、10.72%;初中生补习目的为培优型;初中生是否补习受个体变量(性别、独生与否和补习前成绩)、家庭变量(家庭经济、父母学历、教育期望和家庭户籍)和学校变量(学校位置、学校性质、学校对不及格学生是否采取措施)的影响;数学的课外补习效应为小效应,语文和英语的补习效应为零.为提高初中生的学业水平,学校应指导学生及家长形成正确的语言类科目学习理念;政府应重视家庭经济困难后进生的学业帮扶;家长对后进生应持有积极的教育期望.

The phenomenon of extra-curricular tutoring is very common in China. The analysis of its current situation, influencing factors and effects of different subjects can provide the basis for the correct decision-making of the government, schools and parents. Based on the data of China Education Panel Survey, this study analyzed tutorial situation of Chinese, mathematics and English for junior high school students. The study found the proportion of the students tutored in three subjects was 24.1%, 22.87% and 10.72% respectively;The tutorial purpose was to cultivate excellent students;Whether junior high school students taked participate in extra-curricular tutoring was subject to individual variables such as gender, only child or not and benchmark score, family variables such as family economy level, parents’ education background,education expectation and family register, school variables such as school location, school nature, whether the school taked measures to the students who failed to pass;the extra-curricular tutoring effect of mathematics was small, and the effect of Chinese and English was zero. In order to improve the academic level of junior high school students, the school should help students and their parents set up the correct learning concept of language subjects;the government should help the students with learning difficulties from poor families improve their academic performance;the parents should have positive educational expectations for the students with learning difficulties.