拟黄花乌头中生物碱的杀虫活性研究

Insecticidal alkaloids constituents from Aconitum anthoroideum DC.

为探索拟黄花乌头Aconitum anthoroideum DC.作为生物农药的应用价值,以拟黄花乌头整株为研究对象,在活性跟踪的基础上,综合应用硅胶柱层析、ODS、Sephadex LH-20等方法对拟黄花乌头甲醇粗提物进行分离纯化,从中分离得到了4个生物碱类化合物,分别为4-hydroxynicotinic acid methyl ester(1)、Ranaconitine(2)、Lappaconitine(3)、13-hydroxylappaconitine(4),其中4-hydroxynicotinic acid methyl ester为首次从天然产物中分离得到。采用点滴法测定4个化合物对褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens Stal和白背飞虱Sogatella furcifera Horvath的触杀活性,结果表明4种化合物对褐飞虱和白背飞虱具有显著的触杀活性,处理后48 h的LD 50分别为0.26~0.38μg/头、0.25~0.33μg/头。研究结果为进一步研究拟黄花乌头中的杀虫活性成分提供基础数据。

In order to explore the application value of Aconitum anthoroideum DC.as biological pesticides,4-hydroxynicotinic acid methyl ester(1),which is described herein as a natural product for the first time,with three norditerpenoid alkaloids constituents,Ranaconitine(2),Lappaconitine(3),13-hydroxylappaconitine(4),were isolated from the methanol extract of the whole plant of A.anthoroideum followed by the activity-guided method with combination of column chromatography of silica gel,ODS,Sephadex LH-20,etc.Compounds 1 to 4 exhibited activities with LD 50 values for 48 h ranging from 0.26 to 0.38μg/insect against Nilaparvata lugens and from 0.25 to 0.33μg/insect against Sogatella furcifera by drop-method,respectively.The results provided a theoretical basis for further research on the insecticidal activity of natural products of A.anthoroideum.