中药外洗方治疗儿童甲型流行性感冒的临床观察

Clinical observation on traditional Chinese herbal fumigationin in the treatment of children with influenza A

目的观察中药外洗方足浴对儿童甲型流行性感冒(简称甲流)的治疗效果。方法选取惠州市中医医院2018年1月至2019年6月收治的甲流患儿100例作为研究对象,随机分成实验组及对照组各50例。对照组采取常规西药治疗,主要是单纯使用奥司他韦对症治疗,而实验组在对照组的基础上,辅助中药外洗方足浴治疗,分别在治疗第1、3、5、7天对两组患儿甲流体温变化情况、服用退热药的间隔时间及症状缓解进行统计,在第3、5、7天统计甲流病毒核酸转阴率,统计患儿住院时间及总费用。结果(1)疗效方面:治疗7 d后,实验组总有效率为96.0%(48/50),优于对照组88.0%(44/50),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)体温变化方面:实验组患儿发热间隔时间高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3)流感症状缓解方面:治疗后实验组在发热寒战、鼻塞流涕、咽红肿痛的中医症状减分率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而两组咳嗽症状减分率比较未见明显差异(P>0.05)。(4)甲流病毒核算转阴率:两组在治疗第3、5、7天甲流病毒的转阴率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(5)实验组住院时间少于对照组,住院费用低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论使用中药外洗方足浴治疗甲型流感,疗效确切,相比于单纯口服奥司他韦治疗,能更有效地缩短患者发热时间,改善患儿恶寒、发热、鼻塞、流涕等流感症状。

Objective To observe the effect of foot bathing with traditional Chinese herbal fumigation in the treatment of children with influenza A.Methods A total of 100 children with influenza A who were treated in our hospital from January 2018 to January 2019 were randomly divided into experimental group(n=50)and control group(n=50).The control group was treated with conventional western medicine,mainly oseltamivir for symptomatic treatment.In addition to the conventional western medicine treatment,traditional Chinese medicine fumigation for foot bathing was given to the experimental group.On the 1st,3rd,5th and 7th day of treatment,record the changes in body temperature,the interval time between taking antipyretic drugs,and the relief in symptoms.On the 3rd,5th and 7th day of treatment,record the seroconversion rate of virus nucleic acid.The length of hospital stay and the total expenses were calculated.Results(1)In curative effect:after 7 days of treatment,the total effective rate of experimental group was 96.0%(48/50),higher than that of the control group(88.0%,44/50)(P<0.05).(2)In the change of body temperature:the interval time of experimental group was higher(P<0.05).(3)In the relief of symptoms:On TCM symptom reduction rate(fever,chills,stuffy nose,runny nose,and red and swollen throat)was higher in the experimental group after treatment than in the control group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in the reduction rate in cough between the two groups(P>0.05).(4)In seroconversion rate of influenza A virus nucleic acid:there was no statistical difference between the two groups on 3rd,5th or 7th day of treatment(P>0.05).(5)The length of hospital stay was shorter in experimental group than in control group,and the hospitalization expenses were also lower(P<0.05).Conclusion The foot bathing with traditional Chinese herbal fumigation is effective in the treatment of influenza A.Compared with the treatment with oseltamivir alone,it can reduce the time of fever more effectively,improve the symptoms of influenza such as feeling cold,fever,stuffy nose and runny nose.