重大事件驱动下的美国情报监控政策立法演变及中国路径

EVOLUTION OF US INTELLIGENCE SURVEILLANCE POLICY AND LEGISLATION DRIVEN BY MAJOR EVENTS AND CHINA S PATH

新近披露的美国CIA窃听全球多国最高机密的监控事件,再度引发了各界对情报监控活动合法性边界的思考。美国是情报监控政策立法极为发达的国家,其改革具有突出的事件导向性特点。全面回顾美国情报监控典型政策立法脉络,有利于观察情报监控中"授权"与"限权"的博弈过程,对完善我国相关制度构建具有重要意义。建议我国完善情报监控流程、透明度、隐私保护等制度,构建科学、有效、可操作性强,具有中国特色的情报监控政策立法体系。

The recently disclosed US CIA eavesdropping most confidential surveillance events of many countries has caused community s thinking about the legal boundaries of intelligence surveillance activities again.The US is a country with highly developed intelligence surveillance policy and legislation,and its policy and legislative reforms have prominent event-oriented characteristics.A comprehensive review of the development of US intelligence surveillance policy and legislation is conducive to observing the process of‘authorization’and‘restriction of power’,and it is of great significance to improve China s related system.It is suggested that China should improve the intelligence surveillance process,transparency and privacy protection,and build intelligence surveillance policy and legislative system which is scientific,effective,operable and has Chinese characteristics.