基于梯形轨枕轨道振动特性的钢轨波磨研究

Study on Rail Corrugation of Ladder-type Sleeper Track Based on Vibration Characteristics

针对我国部分地铁线路出现振动噪声加剧及钢轨异常波磨的现实情况,研究减振轨道钢轨波磨产生原因。利用仿真软件Simpack建立包含地铁车辆和轨道结构的车辆系统动力学模型,分析车辆通过速度与轨道结构振动频率的关系以及弹性轨道结构共振特性,得到梯形轨枕轨道钢轨波磨可能形成原因。研究结果表明:在振动频率230 Hz(R 1200 m)、225 Hz(R 2000 m)以及211 Hz(R 3000 m)处,内侧钢轨与梯形轨枕出现更为明显的共振现象,仿真计算波磨波长和现场实测数据接近;对比相同曲线半径下的普通轨道和梯形轨枕轨道振动频率的分布情况,得出钢轨波磨与轨道结构固有振动特性有关。轨道结构固有振动特性及车辆曲线通过速度是造成钢轨波磨形成的关键因素。

In the light of serious track vibration noise incidents and abnormal rail corrugation in some subway lines,the research on the causes of rail corrugation was carried out.Using dynamics simulation software SIMPACK to build dynamic model of subway vehicle and track structure,the relationship between the speed of vehicle passing and the vibration frequency of the track structure and the resonance characteristics of the elastic track structure were analyzed so as to obtain the possible causes of rail corrugation on ladder-type sleeper track.The results show that more obvious resonance between the inner rail and the ladder-type sleepers occurs at the vibration frequency 230 Hz(R 1200 m)、225 Hz(R 2000 m)and 211 Hz(R 3000 m),and the simulation of rail corrugation wavelength is closer to the field measured data.Comparing the conventional track with the ladder-type sleeper track on the vibration frequency distribution under the same curve radius,it is concluded that the rail corrugation is related to the natural vibration characteristics of the track structure.Overall,the natural vibration characteristics and the curve speed of vehicles are the key factors for the formation of the rail corrugation.